ÁÔ ¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï,

¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ÀÇ Àû, 58¼¼·Î »ç¸ÁÇÏ´Ù.  

Stephen Barrett, M.D.

ÁÔ ¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï ¹Ú»ç´Â ±× ÀÚ½ÅÀ» "¼¼°è¿¡¼­ ºÒ¼ÒÀÇ »ý¹°ÇÐÀû È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ °¡Àå ÁÖµµÀûÀÎ ±ÇÀ§ÀÚ"¶ó°í ±×ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºÎ¸£´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´Ù.[1] ±×´Â ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ 25³â°£ ÀÌ»óÀ» ¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ ¿îµ¿¿¡ Ȱµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î Âü¿©Çß´Ù. ±×´Â ¸Å¿ì ¸í¼®Çϸç, ÀÇÁö°¡ ±»Àº »ç¶÷À̾ú´Ù. ¸¸¾à ±×°¡ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¹æÇâÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇß´Ù¸é ¾Æ¸¶ ±×´Â °úÇп¡ °ª¾îÄ¡ÀÖ´Â ±â¿©¸¦ ÇßÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×´Â ±×·¯Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. »ýÈ­ÇÐÀÚ·Î ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí, ±×´Â ¹°¿¡ ºÒ¼Ò¸¦ ÷°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ À§ÇèÇÏ´Ù´Â »ý°¢¿¡ »ç·ÎÀâÇû´Ù. 1974³à³×¼­ 1980³â¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ±×´Â Àü±¹º¸°Ç¿¬¸Í(National Health Federation, ÀÌÇÏ NHF)ÀÇ "°úÇРåÀÓÀÚ( science director)"·Î ±Ù¹«ÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¹Ì NHF´Â "¹Ì±¹ ½ÃÀÇ ¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ÀÇ ÁöÁöÀÚµéÀÇ ¹èÈĸ¦ ¹«³Ê¶ß¸®±â À§Çؼ­" °í¿ëÇß´Ù.

³ª´Â ¾ß´Ï¸ð´Ï ¹Ú»ç¸¦ ¸¸³µÀ¸¸ç ±×°¡ Ȱµ¿ÇÏ´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¿©·¯¹ø º¸¾Ò´Ù. ±×´Â ¿ÂÈ­ÇÏ°í ¸Å¿ì Áø½ÇµÇ¾î º¸¿´´Ù. °øÁß º¸°Ç °ü¸®ÀÚµéÀº ±×¸¦ Å×·¯¸®½ºÆ®¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¸ð¸£´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô´Â ±×´Â ¸Å¿ì ½Å·ÚÇÒ¸¸ ÇØ º¸¿´´Ù. ±×ÀÇ È°µ¿Àº ¸¹Àº °øµ¿Ã¼ »çȸ°¡ ¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ÀÇ ¹Ý´ëÇϵµ·Ï °ÌÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸¸¾à ±×°¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é, ±×°¡ º¸À̸é(¹®ÇåÀ» ÅëÇØ¼­¶óµµ), ±×°÷Àº ºÒ¼ÒÈ­¸¦ °í·ÁÇϰí ÀÖ´Â °÷ÀÏ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ´À³¦À» °®°Ô µÈ´Ù.

ºÒ¼ÒÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ÅõÀïÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Å¿ì ´Ü¼øÇÏ´Ù. ´ÜÁö À̰ÍÀÌ ¾ÏÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù°í Çϰųª, ȤÀº ¸é¿ª°è¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» Áشٰí Çϰųª, ȤÀº ±âŸ ¼ö½Ê°¡Áö º´À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù°í ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ȤÀº ±×°ÍÀº °øÇØÀ̸ç, ¼¼±ÝÀ» ¿Ã¸± °ÍÀ̰í, ºñ¹ÎÁÖÀûÀ̰í, ȤÀº ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¿¬±¸µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ¶Ç´Â ±âŸ ´Ù¸¥ Ã¥·«À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ±×Áß¿¡ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ÇѰ¡Áö´Â ¸ÔÇô µé¾î°¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ÀÇ ¹Ý´ë ÁÖÀåÀ» ¼³µæ½Ãų Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù. ÇѰ¡Áö Àǽɸ¸À¸·Î ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¼³µæÀÌ µÈ´Ù.

¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â ¸¹Àº Ã¥·«À» »ç¿ëÇßÀ¸³ª, ±×ÀÇ °¡Àå Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ °ÍÀº ¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­°¡ ¾ÏÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. Àü¹®°¡µéÀº ±×ÀÇ º¸°í¼­°¡ Á¤ºÎÀÇ Åë°èÇÐÀ» À߸ø ÇØ¼®ÇÑ °Í¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ´Ù°í °á·ÐÀ» ³»·È´Ù. ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ¾ÈƼ ÆÐ¼Ç¿¡¼­´Â, ±×´Â ¼öµ¾¹° ºÒ¼ÒÈ­ Áö¿ªÀÇ ¾Ï»ç¸Á·ü°ú ºÒ¼ÒÈ­µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ½ÃÀÇ »ç¸Á·üÀ» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´À¸³ª, ¾ÏÀÇ »ç¸Á·üÀ» ¿Ã¸®´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿äÀÎ(¿¹¸¦µé¾î »ê¾÷ °øÇØ)À» °¢ ½Ã¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ Á¶Á¤ÇØÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.[2]1977³â±îÁö, ¿µ¾î¸¦ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ³ª¶óÁßÀÇ 8°÷ÀÇ ¼±µµÀûÀÎ ÀÇÇÐ ¹× °úÇÐ ´Üü¿¡¼­ µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÇÑ °á°ú ¾ÏÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀº ºÎÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù.

1978³â, 'ÄÁ½´¸Ó ¸®Æ÷Æ® (Consumer Reports)´Â ¾ß¸ð¾ß´ÏÀÇ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â 2-part·Î µÈ ½Ã¸®Áî¹°À» ½Ç¾úÀ¸¸ç ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ °á·ÐÀ» ³»·È´Ù.

¸í¹éÇÑ Áø¸®´Â ºÒ¼ÒÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ °úÇÐÀûÀÎ ³í¶õÀº ÀüÇô ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾ÈÀüÇϸç, °æÁ¦ÀûÀ̰í, À¯¿ëÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÄÁ½´¸Ó À¯´Ï¿ÂÀÇ Àǰ߿¡ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡Â¥ ³í¶õÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ì¸®½Ã´ë¿¡ µ¹ÆÈÀ̵éÀÌ °úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ½Â¸®¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.[3]

¸î ´Þ µÚ¿¡ ¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â ÀçÆÇÀ» ½ÅûÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¼ÒºñÀÚ ¿¬¸ÍÀÇ º¸°í¼­¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ¸í¿¹°¡ ÈѼյǾú´Ù°í °í¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼Ò¼ÛÀÌ ±â°¢µÇÀÚ, ¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â 2Â÷ ¼øÈ¸ Ç×¼Ò¹ýÁ¤( United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit)¿¡ Ç×¼ÒÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¿©±â¼­µµ ±â°¢ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. Ç×¼Ò¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼­´Â 1980³â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÆÇ°á¹®À» ½è´Ù.

¼ÒºñÀÚ ¿¬¸ÍÀº ... öÀúÇÑ »ç½ÇÀÇ Á¶»ç¸¦ ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù. À̺оßÀÇ °úÇÐÀûÀÎ Àú¼ú°ú ±ÇÀ§ÀÚµéÀÌ Âü°íµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀÇÇаú °úÇаèÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ» À§Çؼ­ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ±ÇÀ§ÀÖ´Â °úÇÐÀûÀÎ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Á¶»çµÇ¾ú´Ù. º¸°í¼­¸¦ Áغñ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀǽÉÇÒ ¹Ù ¾ø´Â ¹æ¹ý·ÐÀº  ÃÖ°í·Î ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓ°¨ÀÖ´Â Àú³Î¸®ÁòÀÇ ¸ð¹üÀÌ µÈ´Ù. Àüü ±â»ç´Â ¼­·Î Àü°øÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ È®ÀÎ, ÀçÈ®ÀÎ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é Á¤È®¼ºÀ» À§Çؼ­ ¼öÁ¤ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.

À̶§ Âë¿¡¼­, ¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â NHF °ü¸®Á÷¿¡¼­ ¶³¾îÁ® ³ª¿ÔÀ¸¸ç, NHF¸¦ ¶°³ª¼­ Center for Health Action¸¦ ¼³¸³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̰÷Àº ¼Ò°³Ã¥ÀÚ¿¡¼­ "a union of virtually every effective antifluoridation group in the country."¶ó°í µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Safe Water Foundation¸¦ ⸳ÇÏ°í ¿î¿µÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, NFHÀÇ Áö¿øÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁöÀÚ ¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â Á¡Â÷ ÈûÀÌ ¾àÇØÁ³´Ù.

1985³â, British Department of Health and Social Security¿¡¼­ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ Àú¸íÇÑ ±×·ìÀº ¾Ï¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖÀå°ú ´õºÒ¾î ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¸î½Ê°³±¹¿¡¼­ ÇàÇØÁø ¿¬±¸¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. ÀÌ ±×·ì¿¡¼­´Â ºÒ¼ÒÈ­´Â ¾ÏÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °Í°ú ´õºÒ¾î "¿ÀÁ÷ ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â °á·ÐÀº ¿ì¸®µé ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ º»´Ù¸é ÀÚ·áÀÇ ¿À·ù, ºÐ¼® ±â¼úÀÇ ¿À·ù, ±×¸®°í °úÇÐÀûÀÎ ³í¸®ÀÇ ¿À·ùÀÇ Å¿ÀÌ´Ù."[4]

°°Àº ÇØ¿¡, ¾ß¸ð¾ß´ÏÀÇ ½Å·Ú¼ºÀº Ohio Department of HealthÀÇ °øÁß º¸°Ç Àü¹®°¡ÀÇ ÇÑ ÆÀÀÌ ¾ß¸ð¾ß´ÏÀÇ "A Lifesaver's Guide to Fluoridation."¶ó´Â 8ÀåÂ¥¸® ÆÊÇ÷¿À» ºÐ¼®ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ÃâÆÇÇϸ鼭 ¶Ç ÇѹøÀÇ Å¸°ÝÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÊÇ÷¿Àº ¼öÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê°í ºÒ¼ÒÈ­°¡ °í·ÁµÇ´Â °÷Àº ¾îµð³ª ¹èÆ÷°¡ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç,  ºÒ¼ÒÈ­´Â È¿°ú°¡ ¾ø°í À§ÇèÇÏ´Ù´Â ¾ß¸ð¾ß´ÏÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ÁöÁöÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â 250°³ÀÇ Âü°í¹®ÇåÀÌ ¼ö·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.[5] ±×·¯³ª, ¿ÀÇÏÀÌ¿ÀÀÇ ÆÀÀÌ Âü°í¹®ÇåÀ» ÃßÀûÇÑ °á°ú ±×µéÀº ±× Áß ¹ÝÀº °øµ¿Ã¼»çȸÀÇ ¹°ÀÇ ºÒ¼ÒÈ­¿¡ ÀûÀýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ³ª¸ÓÁö ´ëºÎºÐµµ ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ºÒ¼ÒÈ­¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÏÁö¸¸ ¼±ÅÃÀûÀ¸·Î ÀοëÀ̵ǰí À߸ø Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¹¸¦µé¾î 86 °³ÀÇ ÀοëÀº ½Ä¹°À̳ª µ¿¹°¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ÇàÇÑ ¿¬±¸ÀÌ´Ù.[6]

¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Health Action Press¸¦ ¿î¿µÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç À̰÷¿¡¼­ 3±ÇÀÇ Ã¥À» ¹ß°£Çߴµ¥, ±×°ÍÀº Fluoride: the Aging Factor (1983, 1986, 1993), High Performance Health (1987) ¿Í Peter Duesberg¿Í °øÀúÀÎ AIDS: The Good News Is That HIV Doesn't Cause It (1995)ÀÌ´Ù.  1983³â Ã¥ÀÇ ÀÚÄÏ¿¡´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¾²¿©ÀÖ´Ù.

¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï ¹Ú»ç´Â ±×ÀÇ ¾Æ³»¿Í 6¸íÀÇ ¾î¸°¾ÆÀÌ¿Í ÇÔ²² ¿ÀÇÏÀÌ¿À ÄÝ·³ºÎ½ºÀÇ ¿Ü°ûÀÇ 35¿¡ÀÌÄ¿ÀÇ ³óÀå¿¡¼­ »ì°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ »ýȰ½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀº °ÅÀÇ ºÒ¼Ò°¡ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Â ½Ä»ç¸¦ °­Á¶ÇÏ´Â ÅäÅ» ¿¹¹æ Çï¾²Äɾî ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Á᫐ ÁÖÁ¦·Î »ý°¢Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î, ±×ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº ¸Å¿ì °Ç°­»óŰ¡ ÁÁÀº ¶Ù¾î³­ ¿îµ¿¼±¼öÀÌ´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù 20³â°£ ÁöºÒÇÑ ÀÇ·áºñ´Â 500´Þ·¯¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

¾ß¸ð¾ß´Ï´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­µµ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. High Performance Health¿¡¼­ ±×´Â »ýÈÄ ¸î ´Þ¹Û¿¡ ¾ÈµÈ ¾ÆÀÌ¿¡°Ô ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾À» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ "¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾À» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾î´À Á¤µµ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¸é¿ª°è¿¡ ¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ ¼Õ»óÀ¸·Î °íÅëÀ» ¹Þ´Â °Í °°´Ù."¶ó´Â °ÆÁ¤À» Ç¥ÇöÇß´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾À» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷ÀÌ AIDS¿¡ ´õ À߰ɸ°´Ù°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °üÁ¡À» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â °úÇÐÀû Áõ°Å´Â Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù.

1995³â, British Dental Association´Â ±×ÀÇ È°µ¿¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñÆòÀûÀÎ ¿ä¾à¼­À» Ãâ°£Çß´Ù.[7]. 2000³â 8¿ù, ¾ß¸ð¾ß´ÏÀÇ °íÇâÀÇ Áö¿ª»çȸ¿¡¼­´Â ºÒ¼ÒÈ­¸¦ Àΰ¡Çß´Ù. ¸î ´Þ µÚ, Columbus Dispatch ¿¡ ½Ç¸° ±×ÀÇ »ç¸Á±â»ç¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ±×´Â ¾Ï¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¿À·£ ¼þ°íÇÑ ½Î¿ò ³¡¿¡ ¼ûÁ³´Ù"°í ÇÑ´Ù. [8]

References

  1. Yiamouyiannis J. Fluoride: The Aging Factor. Delaware, OH: Health Action Press, 1983, 1986.
  2. National Cancer Institute. Statement by the National Cancer Institute on fluoridation studies by the National Health Federation, April 25, 1975.
  3. Fluoridation. Consumer Reports, 43:392-396, 480-482, 1978.
  4. (To be posted)
  5. Yiamouyiannis J. Lifesavers guide to fluoridation. Risks/benefits evaluated in the 1982 question and answer report. Delaware, OH: Safe Water Foundation, 1982.
  6. Wulf C and others. Abuse of the Scientific Literature in an Antifluoridation Pamphlet. Columbus, OH: American Oral Health Institute, 1985, 1988.
  7. Hunt J and others. Putting Yiamouyiannis into perspective British Dental Journal 179:121-123, 1995.
  8. Obituary: John Yiamouyiannis. Columbus Dispatch, Oct 10, 2000.

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This article was revised on April 14, 2001.